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author note
Susanne M. Tracy, PhD, RN, Assistant Professor and Pamela DiNapoli, PhD, RN, CNL, Associate Professor, University of New
Hampshire, Department of Nursing, Durham, New Hampshire.
Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Susanne M. Tracy, PhD, RN, Assistant Professor, University of New
Hampshire, Department of Nursing, 243 Hewitt Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Electronic mail may be sent via Internet to s.tracy@unh.edu
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individual use.Organizational and systems leadership, quality improvement, and safety are critical to promoting high quality patient care. Leadership skills are needed that emphasize ethical and critical decisionmaking, initiating and maintaining effective working relationships, using mutually respectful communication and collaboration within interprofessional teams, care coordination, delegation, and developing conflict resolution strategies. Basic nursing leadership includes an awareness of complex systems, and the impact of power, politics, policy, and regulatory guidelines on these systems. To be effective, baccalaureate graduates must be able to practice at the microsystem level within an ever changing healthcare system. This practice requires creativity and effective leadership and communication skills to work productively within interprofessional teams in various healthcare settings.
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